The father raises the spirits of [his] son. Izā erktõb pȯigõ.
[One] amuses another person with jokes. Jūokõdõks jūokõb tūoizta rištīngtõ.
But so it is that I would get cheered up along with you. Agā se u’m, ku ma tä’dkõks ku’bs sǭks lūotantõd.
[One] amuses him, makes jokes. Nǭļatõb tǟnda, tī’eb jū’okõ.
When an animal eats its food in fine [pieces], then it is chewing. Ku jelāj sīeb eņtš sīemnaigõ pīenõks, si’z ta grämūb.
He is chewing food in [his] mouth. Ta muļūb sūsõ sīemnaigõ.
I just chewed, [I] did not eat [it]. Ma ņäugõb set, ä’b sīe jarā.
A human does not chew cud; if he eats so slowly, as a joke, [one] says [that] you are chewing cud. Rištīng ä’b me’rd; a’ž ta sīeb ne’i lougõ, nǭļa pierāst kītõb, sa me’rdõd.
The chicks are chirping. Kaņkizt käukšõbõd.
The bird is chirping – singing, tweeting. Lind pīukšõb – lōlab, tšīkstõb.
The chicks go crying and chirping cheep-cheep-cheep! Ka’ņkizt kǟ’bõd räukõs ja tšīkstõs tšīk-tšīk-tšīk.
The chick is chirping inside the egg. Ka’ņki tšiukstõb munā sizāl.
[One] chisels with a chisel, picks at [something]. Purāztõb purrõks, midāgõst urmõb.
Some illness is suffocating a person, so it is difficult for him to breathe. Rištīngtõ mingi rujā lǟmatõb, ku tä’mmõn u’m lǟlam jengõ.
Fish suffocate in the winter. Kalād lǟmatõbõd tallõ.
The Livonians languished under the yoke of the Livonian Order. Līvlizt lǟmatizt Livonij Ordõn i’ggõs.
strangled jarā zno’udždõd
You are choking the other person with [your] hands. Sa kädūdõks tūoizta zno’udžõd.
[One] strangles, chokes another person with [one's] hands (~a rope). Zūmõb, zno’udžõb tūoizta rištīngtõ kädūdõks (~ kieudkõks).
A person is eating, something gets into [his] throat, then he chokes. Rištīng sīeb, tä’mmõn lǟ’b jengkurkõ, si’z ta läkārtõb.
[They] first selected a suitable anchorage. Amā e’žmõks lõvīzt kȭlbatõb ānkaŗplatš.
[One] chopped up potatoes, beets for the pigs or cows, [one] chopped them finely with a cabbage chopper. Sigād pierāst või nī’emõd pierāst kapīņțiz na’ggiri, bīetidi, te’i pīenõks nēḑi rōdaks.
Potatoes have to be chopped finely for a pig. Sigān u’m kapīņțõmõst pīenõks na’ggõrd.
[One] splits firewood with an axe. Pūḑi lǭ’gstõb kirrõks.
to chop trees pūḑi ra’dļõ
to hack into a tree pū’zõ ra’dļõ
to reply sharply vastõ ra’dļõ
[One] cuts a hole in the ice. Ra’dļõb ouk jeiõ.
He chops down the tree. Ta ra’dļõb pū mǭ’zõ.
Those were already chopped down. Nänt jo ra’ḑliz jarā.
[One] minces the potatoes finely with the cabbage chopper. Na’ggiŗi tšokīņțõb pīenõks kapīņțõbrōdaks.
to baptise a child lapstā rištõ
The priest is christening. Päp rištūb.
The stork circles around in the air. Štork klȭrõb immõrgouți pi’ds ga’isõ.
to climb up, to ascend i’lzõ astõ
to climb over, to transgress i’ļļõ astõ
to climb down mǭ’zõ astõ
He is climbing up and down the steps. Ta astāb strepīst i’lzõ ja mǭ’zõ.
Father boarded the boat. Izā astīz laijõ.
The boys had climbed up onto the fence. Polākõd vȯļt astõnd tarā pǟl.
I climbed up [to the top of] the aspen. Minā astīz ǭbõ i’lzõ.
The night herdsmen mounted the horse. Pī’egiļnikād astīzt i’bbizt sälgõ.
[S/he] stepped on [his] toe, so he would know [~ would be a knower]. Astīz varbõ pǟlõ, la’z ta vȯlkõ tīedaji.
I am stepping on your feet, so [you] have to dance. Ma astāb si’n jālgad pǟlõ, la’z vȯlkõ daņtšõmõst.
The glasses are clinking. Glǭzõd gi’ļžõbõd.
The chains are clanking. Skēḑõd gi’ļžõbõd.
The money is jingling. Rǭ’ gi’ļžõb.
to clap [one's] hands (~with [one's] hands), to applaud ke’žži (~ kädūdõks) plikškīņțõ
[One] claps [one's] hands – [one] slaps [one's] hands together, claps. Ke’žži plõukštõb – kädūd ku’bbõ pieksāb, klopūb.
